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TYPE WRITING A No. 410,662.

INE. ented Sept. 10, 1889.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets Sheet 2.

G. O. BLIGKENSDERPER.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 410,662. Patented Sept. 10, 1889.

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TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 410,662. Patented Sept. 10, 1889.

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G. C. BLIOKENSDERFER.

TYPE WRITING MAGHINE. No. 410,662. Patented Sept. 10, 1889.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

lrEORGE C. I-ELICKENSDERFER, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE BLICKENSDERFER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NE\V YORK, N. Y.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 410,662, dated September 10, 1889.

Application filed January 13, 1887. Serial No. 224,246. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE 0. BLICKENS- DERFER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-\Vriting Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled IO in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to type-writing machines; and it consists in certain new and use ful improvements in the construction thereof, as will be hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings as follows: Figure 1 is a top or plan view, the top of the drawing being the operators side. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken 011 the line 00 0c in Figs. 1, 3, and 5. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional. view taken on the line y y in Figs. 1, 2, and 5. Fig. 4c is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 2' z in Figs. 2 and 5 is a horizontal view taken on the line ,2 ,2 in Figs. 2 and 3.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the paper-carriage is shown in the position it occupies when the machine is operating upon it, and in Fig. 3 it is shown drawn out to one side, so as to show construction of parts beyond, and in Figs. 4 and 5 the carriage is not shown. In Figs. 2 and 3 the section-lines pass through the frame-work 5 only, leaving the working parts in elevation.

The framework is nearly conical in form, being rectangular and somewhat higher than it is wide or deep. It is made of iron or other metal, and consists of the upright open frame 0 A, the lower cross-stay A the top plate A,

and the inwardlyreaching arm A This frame-work sits on a base-piece B in an inclined position, as shown in Fig. 2, and is supported by props Z) l).

The key-board is on the top plate A, and all the mechanism for operating the typewheel is adjusted in the frame-work A A A A The paper-carriage and its feedworks are mounted on a second carriage or sliding basepiece R, which is mounted on guides b b on the base-piece l). The mechanism for actuatin g the feed-works is adjusted in the f ramework A, A, A and A As illustrated, the machine is constructed so as to print direct from the type, an inking device N N N N N" being shown; but if it is desired to print by the use of an inked ribbon no change in the general construction is required. The type-wheel face would be made of proper material, and the inking apparatus would be dispensed with.

The paper-carriage consists of a frame P, having therein a roller P, substantially the same as in other type-writers. There is a rack on the frame supported by roller 0" and carrying the roller P, which gears with a pinion U on the feeding-shaft U, journaled upon the standards R R The roller P can be revolved to draw in a new sheet by a handwheel P", and it is moved by a clutch and lever P P to space the lines. The papercarriage can be drawn out at any time to see the work and then shoved in again. The carriage is moved after each impression and to space between words by the pinion U acting upon the rack 19 on the carriage. The pinion U is operated by a coiled spring in the case V on the shaft U, and the action of the spring is regulated by an escapemcnt device 89 which is operated from the printing mechanism, as will be explained in proper place. This shaft and pinion U U is also operated by a direct-acting pawl-and-ratchet device, which is operated from a special key G3 in the key -board, as will be hereinafter explained.

The escapement device consists of the ratchet T, rocker S, pivoted upon standards 1" r, and pawls S S The pawl S is a spring 90 and acts as a hook-pawl. The pawl S is acted upon by a spring 5, and the rocker S is operated upon by asprings. The rocker is moved by a lever S, which is moved by an arm on on the frame M when that frame is pushed down, 5 which occurs when an impression is made. The action of these parts is as follows: The arm m throws the rocker S back, which draws the pawl S back and pushes the pawl S upward. Vhen the pawl S is drawn back, it is free to fly up by the action of the spring 8 into the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 3, where it is in position to engage the ratchet T. When the plate M moves up, the spring 8 throws the rocker upward and the pawl S is disengaged. The spring in the case V then acts and drives the ratchet against the pawl S pushes back the rocker, and car-- ries the pawl S down until it is stopped by the horn S in the position shown in full lines.

The ratchet T is not fixed to the shaft U; but the ratchet T is, and the ratchet T is kept in frictional contact with the ratchet T by a spring t, (see Fig. 2;) hence the shaft U may be revolved without revolving the ratchet T, and so the carriage may be moved by acting upon the ratchet T without disturbing the escapement.

The ratchet T is acted upon by a pawl 8*, which is acted upon by the key G The object of this pawl and ratchet is to feed the carriage forward a proper distance when type having two or three letters are brought into action, as will be explained farther on; or the device may be used to space between words or sentences.

The type-wheel L is mounted on the frame or plate M and mounted so as to slide on its shaft L by the use of a spline and groove or other like means. Its hub L is an elongated spur-gear, which engages with vertical racks D and E.

The means for sliding the wheel on its shaft are the levers L and the keys G G These keys and levers are so graduated that one key will move the wheel on its shaft twice as far as the other key. The wheel is reacted on the shaft by the spring Z The face of the wheel is divided into three spaces, so that three rows of type may be placed around it, and the object in making the wheel movable longitudinally on its shaft is to bring either of these rows of type into action. I am aware that type-wheels have been made with two or more rows of type and moved so as to bring either row into action, and I shall not claim this feature broadly.

The shaft of the type-wheel is journaled on pin-points Z" Z.

The plate or frame M is attached to the two rods F F, which work through the basepiece A and the top plate A, by set-screws in the bosses f f, and it is supported by springs f f This plate or frame is held against downward movement until the proper time by swinging catch-bars O 0, (see Fig. 3,) which are disengaged at the proper time by means hereinafter to be explained.

The means for rotating the type-wheel to the desired point and making the impression are as follows:

D is a rack-bar having a rack-gear cl, which engages with the spur-gear L on the wheel L. This rack-bar D is guided at its top and bottom at D and D on an upright bar 0, which extends from'the base-piece A to the top plate A. Near the top of the rack-barD is an arm D extending from it, and on this is j will move toward the other side.

secured a plate K, which lies parallel with the top plate A.

G G are the keys, which are adjusted in sleeves ct on the plate A and are supported by springs g. These keys G are shouldered at g and pass through the plate K. No two keys are of the same length, and no two have their shoulders g the same distance from their lower ends. As any one key is depressed, its shoulder g will engage the plate K and move it down; hence each key will carry down the plate K a different distance from that which any of the other keys will carry it down when fully depressed. As the depression of the plate K moves the rack-bar D down, the type-wheel L is revolved more or less, according to the distance the p ate K is depressed.

E is a second rack-bar having a rack e, which engages the spur-gear L on the, opposite side from the rack d. This rack-bar is guided at E and E on the upright bar 0, and it moves simultaneously with the rack-bar D, but in an opposite direction. I

On the rack-bar E there is an arm E, and a plate I is attached thereto, so as to lie parallel with the plate K. This plateI is guided by the rods F F, and springs f f on said rods oppose its upward movement and serve to react it.

It will be seen now that on the depression of any type-key the plates K and I approach each other more or less, according to which key is depressed, and are arrested by the.end of the key coming in contact with the plate H, and when the pressure 011 the keys is removed the springs f f will react the plates I to their normal positions, and the type-wheel will have been revolved more or less, according to which key is depressed.

A third plate H is supported above and parallel to the plate I by parallel links J and a spring h. The upper face of this plate is seen in Fig. l, where it will be seen that the openings through it are slotted, so that the plate H may move sidewise as it moves vertically independently of the plate I, to which it is hung by the links J. It will be seen in Fig. 3 that the links J on the left are projected below the plate I, and in Fig. 4 it will be seen that the lower ends of these links are connected by a bar j. It will also be seen that when the plates I and H approach each other the plate II will move to one side and the bar B y observing Figs. 3 and 4 it willbc seen that such side movement of these parts will bring them in contact with the swinging catches O O and move them apart, so they will be disengaged from the plate M.

To understand the operation of these parts, let it be supposed that the left-hand key in Fig. 3 is depressed. This key has its shoulder g nearer the end than any other key hence under a full depression it will carry the plate K down farther than any other key, and hence revolve the wheel L farther than any other key. This key will carry the plate K down to a point about midway between it and the plate H before the end of the key will meet the plate H. The depression of the key being continued, the plate 11 will be pressed down against the plate I, and this will release the swinging catches 0 from their engagement with the plate M. Meanwhile the wheel 1 has been revolved so far that the type corresponding to the key depressed has been brought on the under side of the wheel. The depression of the key being still further continued, all the plates K, H, I, and M will be carried down together with the wheel L, which will be pressed against the paper on the roller P and the impression made. The key being released from pressure, all the parts will resume their normal positions by the action of the springs g, f, f 7L, and 0.

Of course it will be understood that when a key having a long distance from its shoulder to its end is depressed the plates H and K will not approach each other but a short distance before they will be arrested by the end of the key coming in contact with the plate H, and hence the wheel L will only be revolved a very short distance.

G" is a spacer-key. It passes through the plate K and comes down close to the plate II and has no shoulder. \Vhen it is depressed, the plate K and the rack-bar D are not moved, but the plate H is pushed down upon the plate I, and the catches O are thereby released and the plate M and wheel L are depressed; but the wheel L will then be in the position shown in Fig. 3, with blank spacer over the paper, and so no impression will be made, but the arm on on the plate M will come in contact with the lever S" and operate the escapemeut device above described, and thus feed the carriage ahead a space equal to one letter.

13y observing Fig. 1 a key will be seen near the upper right-hand corner, (marked G and by observing Fig. 3 a dotted line Z Z will be seen across three rows of keys. This line is intended to mean that all keys in front of the key G have been cut off to show the key G3 and the key on each side of it in elevation. The key G passes through the plates K, H, I, and M, and connects with the pawl S which has been referred to above as the pawl which operates upon the ratchet T. On the stem of the key G is a collar 3, and on the stem of the key to the right is an arm 4, and on the button of the key and the key to the left are overlapping lips 5. Now, if the key. to the left of G is pushed down it will carry G with it, and if the key to the right is pressed down it will carry G3 with it after it has moved far enough to bring the arm +1 in contact with the collar Now when the key to the right of G3 is depressed it will revolve the type-wheel so as to bring into position atype having two letters-as, forexample, it, at, or or and the key G being carried down part of its limit of movement, will revolve the ratchet T far enough to move the carriage a proper distance, and when the key to the left of G is depressed it will revolve the type-wheel so as to bring a three-letter type in position as, forexample, the, and, or forand it will carry down the key G so far as to move the ratchet T so as to feed a .three-letter space.

If the key G is depressed alone, it will make a three-letter space, and it maybe used for this purpose when desired.

It should be stated, perhaps, that the object of the plate H and links J is to loosen the catches O, and therefore if other means for disengaging the catches should be provided the plate II might be omit-ted, in which case the key end would impinge upon the plate I, which such case would be made to receive them.

The object of the rack E and plate on the top thereof and the extended key ends is to form a stop to arrest the rotation of the typewheel at any desired point; hence if other means for stopping the wheel should be provided only the plate K and the rackD would be required, and the keys would not be shouldered at 9, but cut off at that point.

It will be seen by reference to Fig. 2 that the paper -holding roller P is mounted in yielding journal-boxes, which are supported by springs 13 The object of this is to afford a yielding support for the paper against the impressing action of the type-wheel.

I do not herein claim the mechanism for spacing the carriage one or more spaces, as such mechanism is covered by a separate application filed by me July 13, 1889, Serial No. 317,499, which is a division of this case.

\Vhat I claim as new is- 1. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a typewheel, a rack-bar and pinion for revolving said wheel, a presser-plate on the end of said rack-bar in position to be acted upon by keys, key-rods for acting upon said plate, which have necks which pass through said plate varying distances and in their action depress said plate varying distances, a second rack-bar operated from the typewheel in an opposite direction and parallel with the first-named rack-bar, a plate on said last-named rack-bar which lies parallel with the presser-plate and impinges against the ends of the necks of the key-rods which pass through the presser-plate, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a type-writing machine, the combination, substantially as set forth,of a type-wheel mounted on a plate or frame which is movable at right angles to the axis of said wheel and is retained from said movement by catches, a rack-bar for revolving said wheel, a presser-plate for moving said rack-bar, a series of keys for moving said presser-plate and rack-barvaryiug distances which extend through said presser-plate varying distances, a second rack-bar which lies parallel with the first-named rack-bar and is moved in an opposite direction thereto by said type -wheel,

and supports a plate at its end which is parallel with the presser-plate, and impinges against the ends of the necks of the keys which pass through the presser-plate, and moves sidewise when so pressed upon and loosens the catches which retain the frame which supports the type-Wheel andallows said wheel to move at right angles to its axis by the force exerted by the key upon both the presser-plate and the secondary plate.

3. In a type-writing machine, the combination, substantially as set forth, of the typewheel L, mounted on the plate or frame M, which is supported by the catches O, the spurgear L on the hub of said wheel, the rack-bar D, for engaging with said spur-gear and revolvin g said Wheel, the presser-plate K on the end of said rack-bar, a series of keys G, of

varying lengths, passing through said plate K, with abutting shoulders at varying distances from the ends of said keys, the rackbar E, lying parallel to the rack-bar D and moving in opposition thereto, the plate I on the end of said rack-bar E, the plate l-l, hung on said plate I by parallel links J and supported by the spring 71/, the rod j, connecting the links J at one end of said plates, the rods F, springs f and f on said rods F, for reacting the said working parts, and the springs 0 0, for reacting the catches O O.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEO. C. BLICKENSDERFER.

WVitnesses:

M. F. I-IALLECK, R. H. PORTER. 

